Shashi Tharoor is one of India’s most articulate political leaders, a distinguished diplomat, an acclaimed author, and an intellectual force whose voice resonates on global platforms. His career spans multiple fields—diplomacy, literature, politics, and academic discourse—making him a rare blend of intellect and leadership. Known for his linguistic flair and sharp commentary, Shashi Tharoor has carved a niche for himself in contemporary Indian public life.
Early Life and Education
Shashi Tharoor was born on March 9, 1956, in London, United Kingdom, to Chandran Tharoor, a career Indian civil servant, and Lily Tharoor. Despite being born abroad, he was raised primarily in India. He attended Montfort School in Yercaud and later completed his secondary education at St. Xavier’s Collegiate School in Kolkata.
Tharoor showed early promise as a writer and speaker, winning several school-level debates and essay competitions. He pursued his undergraduate studies at St. Stephen’s College, Delhi University, where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in history. Known for his sharp intellect and command of English, he moved to the United States to further his education at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. At just 22, he earned a PhD in International Relations and Affairs, making him one of the youngest to do so at Fletcher.
A Distinguished Career in Diplomacy
Shashi Tharoor joined the United Nations in 1978, beginning what would become a nearly three-decade-long career. He held various high-ranking positions during his tenure, contributing significantly to peacekeeping operations, humanitarian relief, and public communications. He served in the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in Geneva and worked in various conflict zones across Asia and Africa.
In 2001, Tharoor was appointed as Under-Secretary-General for Communications and Public Information, a role that placed him at the center of the UN’s global communications strategy. He played a pivotal part in shaping public understanding of the UN’s mission and work. In 2006, he was nominated by India as a candidate for the position of UN Secretary-General. Although he emerged as the runner-up in the race, his candidacy was seen as a testament to his international stature and experience.
Transition to Indian Politics
After retiring from the United Nations, Shashi Tharoor returned to India and entered the political arena. He joined the Indian National Congress and contested the 2009 Lok Sabha elections from the Thiruvananthapuram constituency in Kerala. He won with a significant margin, marking the beginning of his political career.
Tharoor was appointed Minister of State for External Affairs in the UPA government. During his tenure, he worked on deepening India’s diplomatic relationships and enhancing global partnerships. Later, he served as Minister of State for Human Resource Development. Despite controversies and criticism from political opponents, Tharoor maintained a reputation for intellectual integrity and a modern vision for India’s role in the world.
He has been re-elected multiple times from Thiruvananthapuram and is known for his consistent parliamentary performance, eloquent speeches, and policy advocacy. Tharoor also served as Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on External Affairs, where he played an active role in shaping India’s foreign policy outlook.
A Prolific Literary Career
Beyond politics and diplomacy, Shashi Tharoor has earned global acclaim as an author. His literary journey began at a young age, and he published his first novel, The Great Indian Novel, in 1989. A satirical and allegorical retelling of the Mahabharata set against the backdrop of India’s independence movement, the novel received widespread praise for its originality and wit.
Over the years, Tharoor has published both fiction and non-fiction, often exploring themes of history, politics, culture, and colonial legacy. His works are characterized by their erudition, sharp analysis, and a command of language that few can match. Through his writing, Tharoor has engaged with issues like British colonialism, Indian identity, global governance, and the challenges of modern democracy.
Notable Novels and Books
Among his many published works, several stand out for their impact and popularity. The Great Indian Novel remains a seminal piece in modern Indian literature. Another early novel, Riot: A Love Story, explores communal violence and cross-cultural relationships through the lens of a mysterious death.
His non-fiction works are equally influential. Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India is a powerful critique of British colonialism, highlighting the economic and cultural exploitation of India under British rule. The book draws on historical data and contemporary analysis to challenge glorified narratives of the Empire.
Why I Am a Hindu offers insight into Tharoor’s personal faith journey and presents a nuanced view of Hindu philosophy. It also addresses the rise of political Hinduism and the importance of reclaiming the inclusive, philosophical aspects of the religion.
In The Paradoxical Prime Minister, Tharoor critiques the leadership and policies of Prime Minister Narendra Modi, offering a detailed political analysis. Meanwhile, An Era of Darkness serves as an earlier version of Inglorious Empire, tailored for Indian readers and equally scathing in its indictment of colonial history.
His book The Battle of Belonging explores nationalism, identity, and citizenship in India, making a case for civic nationalism over ethnic or religious nationalism. It is considered one of his most thoughtful and relevant contributions to contemporary political discourse.
Orator, Columnist, and Global Commentator
Shashi Tharoor is also a celebrated public speaker. His speeches in the Indian Parliament often go viral, especially when addressing complex issues with clarity, passion, and rhetorical flourish. His 2015 Oxford Union speech, where he made a compelling case for reparations from Britain for colonial exploitation, garnered millions of views online and reignited global conversations on colonial justice.
In addition to books and speeches, Tharoor contributes columns to major newspapers and magazines, both in India and abroad. His op-eds often touch on pressing global and national issues, offering a balanced and deeply informed perspective. Whether writing on foreign policy, education, literature, or social issues, Tharoor’s voice stands out for its depth and eloquence.
A Unique Public Persona
What distinguishes Shashi Tharoor from many of his contemporaries is his ability to blend intellect with accessibility. Despite being a public intellectual with a formidable academic and diplomatic background, he communicates with clarity that appeals to both elite and popular audiences. His mastery of language—often marked by elaborate vocabulary—has become a cultural talking point. Social media has played a role in popularizing his style, making him a trending figure for his use of rare English words and his ability to explain complex subjects with ease.
His image is that of a cosmopolitan Indian, deeply rooted in national identity yet fully conversant with global realities. Whether defending India’s pluralism, critiquing majoritarian politics, or advocating for international cooperation, Shashi Tharoor remains one of the most compelling voices in modern Indian public life.
Legacy and Influence
Shashi Tharoor’s influence goes beyond his immediate political and diplomatic contributions. As a writer, he has enriched Indian English literature. As a parliamentarian, he has brought dignity and sophistication to political discourse. As a global citizen, he has represented India on world stages with distinction.
In an age where politics often drifts toward populism and oversimplification, Tharoor stands out for his commitment to reasoned debate and intellectual honesty. His career continues to inspire students, young professionals, and aspiring leaders to combine thoughtfulness with action, and vision with eloquence.
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